Naiveté, projection bias, and habit formation in gym attendance
Acland and Levy, Management Science 61(1), 2015, 146-160. Gym-attendance incentive intervention; participants asked to predict post-intervention attendance greatly overpredicted it; attendance rose after the intervention, consistent with habit formation, though not anticipated; results fit a model of projection bias and habit formation; may help explain limited take-up of commitment devices. No numbers in the abstract.
Acland and Levy, Management Science 61(1), 2015, 146-160. Gym-attendance incentive intervention; participants asked to predict post-intervention attendance greatly overpredicted it; attendance rose after the intervention, consistent with habit formation, though not anticipated; results fit a model of projection bias and habit formation; may help explain limited take-up of commitment devices. No numbers in the abstract.
Written from the abstract (OpenAlex), 2026-11-07.
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Acland, D., & Levy, M. R. (2015). Naiveté, projection bias, and habit formation in gym attendance. Management Science, 61(1), 146-160. doi:10.1287/mnsc.2014.2091 https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2091