Cookie disclaimers: Dark patterns and lack of transparency
Berens first author. A study measuring actual behaviour rather than intention reported that different visual representations of the reject and accept options significantly affected users' decisions, and that the labelling of the reject option mattered, while biasing text had no significant impact, a null confirming earlier work. The authors also report that for several user groups the disclaimer's design plays only a secondary role in the decision. No sample size is given.
Berens first author. A study measuring actual behaviour rather than intention reported that different visual representations of the reject and accept options significantly affected users' decisions, and that the labelling of the reject option mattered, while biasing text had no significant impact, a null confirming earlier work. The authors also report that for several user groups the disclaimer's design plays only a secondary role in the decision. No sample size is given.
Written from the abstract read 2026-10-18.
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Recorded when this source was checked, figures included, with page references and quotation marks removed.
Berens, B. M., Bohlender, M., Dietmann, H., Krisam, C., Kulyk, O., & Volkamer, M. (2023). Cookie disclaimers: Dark patterns and lack of transparency. Computers & Security, 136, 103507. doi:10.1016/j.cose.2023.103507.