Social facilitation: A meta-analysis of 241 studies
Bond and Titus, Psychological Bulletin 94(2), 1983, 265-292. Meta-analysis of 241 studies of how the presence of others affects human task performance and physiology. Others speed up performance on simple tasks and slow it on complex ones; accuracy is impaired on complex tasks and slightly improved on simple ones; arousal rises mainly on complex tasks; effects are small, accounting for a tiny fraction of variance; unreported null results may be missing.
Bond and Titus, Psychological Bulletin 94(2), 1983, 265-292. Meta-analysis of 241 studies of how the presence of others affects human task performance and physiology. Others speed up performance on simple tasks and slow it on complex ones; accuracy is impaired on complex tasks and slightly improved on simple ones; arousal rises mainly on complex tasks; effects are small, accounting for a tiny fraction of variance; unreported null results may be missing.
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Bond, C. F., & Titus, L. J. (1983). Social facilitation: A meta-analysis of 241 studies. Psychological Bulletin, 94(2), 265-292. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.94.2.265 https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.94.2.265