Exposure and affect: overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968-1987

Bornstein (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · Read the paper

Bornstein's meta-analysis covers studies of the mere exposure effect published in the twenty years after Zajonc's 1968 monograph. It identifies eight factors that influence the size of the effect: stimulus type, stimulus complexity, presentation sequence, exposure duration, stimulus recognition, subject age, the delay between exposure and ratings, and the maximum number of presentations. It also discusses the findings against earlier reviews and models, proposes modifications to the two-factor model and considers an evolutionary basis for the effect.

Bornstein's meta-analysis covers studies of the mere exposure effect published in the twenty years after Zajonc's 1968 monograph. It identifies eight factors that influence the size of the effect: stimulus type, stimulus complexity, presentation sequence, exposure duration, stimulus recognition, subject age, the delay between exposure and ratings, and the maximum number of presentations. It also discusses the findings against earlier reviews and models, proposes modifications to the two-factor model and considers an evolutionary basis for the effect.

Written from the abstract, library catalogue record, 2026-10-31.

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Bornstein, R. F. (1989). Exposure and affect: overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968-1987. Psychological Bulletin, 106(2), 265-289. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.265.