Multidimensional fear of failure measurement: The Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory
Conroy, Willow and Metzler, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 14(2), 2002, 76-90. Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory developed with 544 college students; calibration reduced it to 25 items across five appraisals of aversive consequences of failing: shame and embarrassment, devaluing one's self-estimate, an uncertain future, important others losing interest, upsetting important others.
Conroy, Willow and Metzler, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 14(2), 2002, 76-90. Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory developed with 544 college students; calibration reduced it to 25 items across five appraisals of aversive consequences of failing: shame and embarrassment, devaluing one's self-estimate, an uncertain future, important others losing interest, upsetting important others.
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Conroy, D. E., Willow, J. P., & Metzler, J. N. (2002). Multidimensional fear of failure measurement: The Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(2), 76-90. doi:10.1080/10413200252907752 https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200252907752