The effect of mere presence of smartphone on cognitive functions: A four-level meta-analysis
166 effect sizes, 53 samples, 33 studies, 4,368 participants. 'the mere presence of smartphone had no significant effect on cognitive outcomes (d = -0.02, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.06, 0.01], p = .246)', not moderated by demographics, trait smartphone dependency, or manipulation or assessment method. Authors' own scope: 'there is little reason at present to think that complete isolation from smartphones in a work environment would improve productivity and performance.'
166 effect sizes, 53 samples, 33 studies, 4,368 participants. 'the mere presence of smartphone had no significant effect on cognitive outcomes (d = -0.02, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.06, 0.01], p = .246)', not moderated by demographics, trait smartphone dependency, or manipulation or assessment method. Authors' own scope: 'there is little reason at present to think that complete isolation from smartphones in a work environment would improve productivity and performance.'
Written from the abstract read 2026-10-18.
What our sources record
Reproduced as it was written when this source was checked, figures and all.
Mind, and Behavior, 5(1), 1-14. doi:10.1037/tmb0000123. [Abstract read in full; OPEN ACCESS, PDF at tmb.apaopen.org; author order confirmed, Hartanto first, Singapore Management University]: 166 effect sizes, 53 samples, 33 studies, 4,368 participants. 'the mere presence of smartphone had no significant effect on cognitive outcomes (d = -0.02, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.06, 0.01], p = .246)', not moderated by demographics, trait smartphone dependency, or manipulation or assessment method. Authors' own scope: 'there is little reason at present to think that complete isolation from smartphones in a work environment would improve productivity and performance.'