Evaluative conditioning in humans: A meta-analysis
Hofmann and colleagues meta-analysed 214 studies of evaluative conditioning in humans. Liking shifted on average after pairing, and most of the variation between studies reflected systematic differences and not sampling error. Effects were stronger with high than low contingency awareness, with supraliminal than subliminal presentation of the paired stimulus, and for self-report than implicit measures.
Hofmann and colleagues meta-analysed 214 studies of evaluative conditioning in humans. Liking shifted on average after pairing, and most of the variation between studies reflected systematic differences and not sampling error. Effects were stronger with high than low contingency awareness, with supraliminal than subliminal presentation of the paired stimulus, and for self-report than implicit measures.
Written from the abstract, OpenAlex record, 2026-11-11.
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Hofmann, W., De Houwer, J., Perugini, M., Baeyens, F., & Crombez, G. (2010). Evaluative conditioning in humans: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136(3), 390-421. doi:10.1037/a0018916 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018916