The goal-gradient hypothesis and maze learning
Hull's 1932 paper in Psychological Review set out the goal-gradient hypothesis for animals in mazes. The prediction, as reported in the 2006 review by Kivetz and colleagues, was that animals traversing a maze should move at a progressively quicker pace as the goal is approached.
Hull's 1932 paper in Psychological Review set out the goal-gradient hypothesis for animals in mazes. The prediction, as reported in the 2006 review by Kivetz and colleagues, was that animals traversing a maze should move at a progressively quicker pace as the goal is approached.
Written from the citation and Crossref record; the 1932 prediction as reported in the 2006 Journal of Marketing Research review by Kivetz and colleagues, 2026-11-02.
What our sources record
Recorded when this source was checked, figures included, with page references and quotation marks removed.
Hull, C. L. (1932). The goal-gradient hypothesis and maze learning. Psychological Review, 39(1), 25-43. doi:10.1037/h0072640 https://doi.org/10.1037/h0072640