I am aware of my inconsistencies but can tolerate them: The effect of high quality listening on speakers' attitude ambivalence
Itzchakov, Kluger and Castro report four laboratory experiments on listeners characterised by empathy and a non-judgemental approach and their effect on speakers' attitude structure. The abstract states that high-quality listening was expected to reduce speakers' social anxiety and so their defensive processing, to increase awareness of contradictions in their own views, to reduce attitude extremity and to weaken the link between objective and subjective attitude ambivalence. The effects were stronger for people with higher social anxiety and higher initial ambivalence in the fourth experiment. The authors conclude that providing high-quality listening can change speakers' attitude structure.
Itzchakov, Kluger and Castro report four laboratory experiments on listeners characterised by empathy and a non-judgemental approach and their effect on speakers' attitude structure. The abstract states that high-quality listening was expected to reduce speakers' social anxiety and so their defensive processing, to increase awareness of contradictions in their own views, to reduce attitude extremity and to weaken the link between objective and subjective attitude ambivalence. The effects were stronger for people with higher social anxiety and higher initial ambivalence in the fourth experiment. The authors conclude that providing high-quality listening can change speakers' attitude structure.
Written from the abstract, publisher record and Crossref metadata, 2026-11-03.
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Itzchakov, G., Kluger, A. N., & Castro, D. R. (2017). I am aware of my inconsistencies but can tolerate them: The effect of high quality listening on speakers' attitude ambivalence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43(1), 105-120. doi:10.1177/0146167216675339 https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167216675339