Optogenetic stimulation of a hippocampal engram activates fear memory recall
Liu, Ramirez, Pang, Puryear, Govindarajan, Deisseroth and Tonegawa, Nature 484(7394), 2012, 381-385. Dentate gyrus neurons active during fear learning were tagged with channelrhodopsin-2; light on those cells in a different setting made mice freeze more. Controls without fear conditioning, with a marker protein in place of channelrhodopsin-2, or with cells labelled in an unconnected context did not produce freezing. Authors concluded that activating a sparse, specific group of hippocampal neurons contributing to a memory trace is sufficient to recall it. No mouse numbers stated in the abstract.
Liu, Ramirez, Pang, Puryear, Govindarajan, Deisseroth and Tonegawa, Nature 484(7394), 2012, 381-385. Dentate gyrus neurons active during fear learning were tagged with channelrhodopsin-2; light on those cells in a different setting made mice freeze more. Controls without fear conditioning, with a marker protein in place of channelrhodopsin-2, or with cells labelled in an unconnected context did not produce freezing. Authors concluded that activating a sparse, specific group of hippocampal neurons contributing to a memory trace is sufficient to recall it. No mouse numbers stated in the abstract.
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Liu, X., Ramirez, S., Pang, P. T., Puryear, C. B., Govindarajan, A., Deisseroth, K., & Tonegawa, S. (2012). Optogenetic stimulation of a hippocampal engram activates fear memory recall. Nature, 484(7394), 381-385. doi:10.1038/nature11028 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11028