A meta-analytic cognitive framework of nudge and sludge
Luo, Y., Li, A., Soman, D., & Zhao, J. (2023). 'A meta-analytic cognitive framework of nudge and sludge.' Royal Society Open Science, 10(11), 230053. doi:10.1098/rsos.230053. This is the remove-friction side's strongest pooled evidence and it is our own publication's anchor for that position, which is why it belongs in this file. The detail that resolves the apparent conflict, as our own article reports it, is that interventions adding friction and interventions removing it came out similar in size, so the effort channel runs in both directions.
Luo, Y., Li, A., Soman, D., & Zhao, J. (2023). 'A meta-analytic cognitive framework of nudge and sludge.' Royal Society Open Science, 10(11), 230053. doi:10.1098/rsos.230053. This is the remove-friction side's strongest pooled evidence and it is our own publication's anchor for that position, which is why it belongs in this file. The detail that resolves the apparent conflict, as our own article reports it, is that interventions adding friction and interventions removing it came out similar in size, so the effort channel runs in both directions.
Written from the nOT re-verified at source in this pass; carried from the vault's own earlier verified record, 2026-10-19.
What our sources record
Recorded when this source was checked, figures included, with page references and quotation marks removed.
Luo, Y., Li, A., Soman, D., & Zhao, J. (2023). A meta-analytic cognitive framework of nudge and sludge. Royal Society Open Science, 10(11), 230053. doi:10.1098/rsos.230053.