UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure
Russell's 1996 paper presents the third version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The scale has 20 statements rated on a four-point frequency format from never to always, with positively worded statements scored in reverse. Statements concern feeling in tune with the people around you, having things in common with them, companionship, having someone to turn to, being understood, feeling left out, shyness, being outgoing and friendly, and feeling that people are around you but not with you. None asks how many people were present.
Russell's 1996 paper presents the third version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The scale has 20 statements rated on a four-point frequency format from never to always, with positively worded statements scored in reverse. Statements concern feeling in tune with the people around you, having things in common with them, companionship, having someone to turn to, being understood, feeling left out, shyness, being outgoing and friendly, and feeling that people are around you but not with you. None asks how many people were present.
Written from the citation record at Crossref; the 20 statements and the four-point never-to-always response format read from a published copy of the third-version scale, not from the paper; reliability and validity results not read.
What our sources record
Recorded when this source was checked, figures included, with page references and quotation marks removed.
Russell, D. W. (1996). UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1). doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2 https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2