Carroll, R. E., & Ferguson, E.
Shepherd, O'Carroll and Ferguson compared donation and transplant rates across forty-eight countries over thirteen years, controlling for extensive covariates and estimating the causal effect of the consent system with instrumental variables analysis. Deceased donor rates per million people were higher in opt-out countries, at around fourteen against about ten. The number of living donors ran the other way, at around five and a half per million in opt-out countries against more than nine in opt-in countries. The total number of kidneys transplanted, deceased and living combined, was nevertheless higher under opt-out, and the same pattern held for livers. The authors conclude that opt-out consent leads to a relative increase in the total number of organs transplanted. The living donor half of this result is left out of almost every popular account of the organ donation default, and it is the reason this publication describes the effect as real but not one-way.
Shepherd, O'Carroll and Ferguson compared donation and transplant rates across forty-eight countries over thirteen years, controlling for extensive covariates and estimating the causal effect of the consent system with instrumental variables analysis. Deceased donor rates per million people were higher in opt-out countries, at around fourteen against about ten. The number of living donors ran the other way, at around five and a half per million in opt-out countries against more than nine in opt-in countries. The total number of kidneys transplanted, deceased and living combined, was nevertheless higher under opt-out, and the same pattern held for livers. The authors conclude that opt-out consent leads to a relative increase in the total number of organs transplanted. The living donor half of this result is left out of almost every popular account of the organ donation default, and it is the reason this publication describes the effect as real but not one-way.
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(2014). 'An international comparison of deceased and living organ donation/transplant rates in opt-in and opt-out systems: a panel study.' BMC Medicine, 12, 131. Forty-eight countries over thirteen years: deceased donors 14.24 per million in opt-out countries against 9.98 in opt-in, living donors 5.49 against 9.36, total kidneys transplanted higher under opt-out. doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0131-4
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Shepherd, L., O'Carroll, R. E., & Ferguson, E. (2014). 'An international comparison of deceased and living organ donation/transplant rates in opt-in and opt-out systems: a panel study.' BMC Medicine, 12, 131. Forty-eight countries over thirteen years: deceased donors 14.24 per million in opt-out countries against 9.98 in opt-in, living donors 5.49 against 9.36, total kidneys transplanted higher under opt-out. doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0131-4