Concepts (page 9)
- Delusional Misidentification
Delusional misidentification is a family of delusions in which a person, a place or the self is recognised and its identity is felt to be wrong. A spouse is agreed to look exactly like the spouse…
- Denominator Neglect
Denominator neglect is attending to the number of cases and ignoring the base they sit on. One in a hundred thousand produces a mental image of a person, while the hundred thousand who are fine…
- Diagnostic Delay
Diagnostic delay is the time between a person's first symptoms and a correct diagnosis. It can come from waiting to seek help, from vague symptoms or from earlier wrong diagnoses. Studies measure it…
- Dialoguing With Images
Dialoguing with images is Shaun McNiff's method of treating a painting as a presence that can be addressed: you speak to the image, then speak or write as it, instead of decoding it into a…
- Diffusion of Responsibility
Diffusion of responsibility is the mechanism John Darley and Bibb Latané proposed for the bystander effect: as the number of witnesses to an emergency rises, responsibility spreads across the group…
- Digital Loneliness
Digital loneliness names the paradox of feeling isolated while remaining heavily connected on screens, showing some of the same markers researchers associate with social isolation despite a full…
- Diminishing Sensitivity
Diminishing sensitivity is the flattening of the value function as you move away from the reference point, so that a fixed amount of money feels smaller the larger the number it is attached to. Ten…
- Discipline-Relative Evidence Metrics
Discipline-relative evidence metrics is this publication's rule that a book's peer-reviewed share means nothing until you know which discipline the book belongs to. The strongest evidence in history…
- Disfluency Penalty
Work that is harder to process gets marked down, and the mark is charged to the author rather than to the reading. Daniel Oppenheimer demonstrated it in 2006: across three experiments, needlessly…
- Dismantling Design
A dismantling design is a trial that takes a multi-component treatment apart and tests the parts separately, to find out which part is doing the work. Without one, a treatment can be demonstrably…
- Distinctive Assets
Distinctive assets are the colours, logos, shapes, characters, taglines and advertising styles that let people identify a brand instantly without claiming anything for it. Byron Sharp and Jenni…
- Diurnal Variation in Rumination
Rumination, the circling and re-circling of the same thought, is not spread evenly through the day. It runs higher in the morning, dips to its lowest point in the middle of the afternoon, and climbs…