Studies (page 107)
- Underwood (2001): Packaging communication: attentional effects of product imagery
Underwood, Klein and Burke propose a framework for how product imagery on packaging affects attention to the brand. In a virtual reality shopping simulation, package pictures increased attention to…
- United Kingdom Supreme Court (2014): Societe des Produits Nestle S.A. v Cadbury UK Limited, UKSC 2013/0233: permission to appeal refused
This is a record from the United Kingdom Supreme Court concerning permission to appeal in a trade mark dispute between two confectionery companies. The headnote lists the issues: opposition to…
- United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2012): Christian Louboutin S.A. v. Yves Saint Laurent America Holding, Inc., No. 11-3303-cv
This record concerns a decision of a United States federal court of appeals in a trade mark dispute between two fashion houses over protection for a red lacquered sole on footwear. The record is a…
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (2015) | Study: Plastics: Material-Specific Data
[READ IN FULL AT SOURCE at epa.gov] United States Environmental Protection Agency (2015). 'Plastics: Material-Specific Data.' Facts and Figures about Materials, Waste and Recycling. THE MOST ELEGANT…
- United States Government Accountability Office (2013): Aviation Security: TSA Should Limit Future Funding for Behavior Detection Activities
[READ IN FULL at gao.gov, both the product page and the accessible full text] United States Government Accountability Office (2013). 'Aviation Security: TSA Should Limit Future Funding for Behavior…
- University of California (2011): EurekAlert
No abstract could be found for this paper, so this page does not summarise it.
- University of Cambridge, Department of Sociology: University of Cambridge, Department of Sociology
No abstract could be found for this paper, so this page does not summarise it.
- University of Chicago Press Journals (2012): Can consumers fit in yet remain unique?
No abstract could be found for this paper, so this page does not summarise it.
- University of Chicago Press Journals (2014): The red sneakers effect,
This research examines how people react to nonconforming behaviours, such as entering a luxury boutique in gym clothes or wearing red sneakers in a professional setting. Such behaviours are costly…
- University of Michigan News (2008): If it's hard to read, is it hard to do?
This university news record reproduces the abstract of the study by Song and Schwarz. People are more likely to engage in a behaviour the less effort it requires, and high perceived effort is a…
- University of St Andrews (2018): Researchers call for open and respectful debate around Stanford Prison Experiment
No abstract could be found for this paper, so this page does not summarise it.
- University of Washington Bothell (2019): Fresh insights into workplace interruptions
A University of Washington Bothell news report describes the ready-to-resume plan from Leroy and Glomb's work as a minute spent noting your place in the project and your planned next step. It quotes…
- Unnava (1991): Effects of Repeating Varied Ad Executions on Brand Name Memory
Unnava and Burnkrant tested, in two experiments, the encoding variability explanation for the superior memorability of varied advertising executions over repeated identical executions. They report…
- Updegraff (2026): Adults’ exercise-related ‘all-or-nothing’ thinking and leisure-time physical activity: a scoping review
Updegraff and colleagues went looking for research on a familiar pattern: a person who cannot follow their exercise plan exactly decides to do nothing at all rather than do a reduced version. They…
- Urban (2019): Green consumption does not make people cheat: Three attempts to replicate moral licensing effect due to pro-environmental behavior
[ABSTRACT READ IN FULL at the Charles University Environment Centre record, which prints it entire; full text not read] Urban, J., Bahnik, S., & Braun Kohlova, M. (2019). 'Green consumption does not…
- US Census Bureau. Quarterly Retail E-Commerce Sales (2026): , and time series tsadjustedsales.xlsx (revised 18 August 2026). https://www.census.gov/retail/ecommerce.html
The US Census Bureau's seasonally adjusted series of online sales as a share of retail sales. The share was 11.9 per cent in the first quarter of 2020, 16.3 per cent in the second, about 14 per cent…
- US Federal Trade Commission (2022): FTC report shows rise in sophisticated dark patterns designed to trick and trap consumers
No abstract could be found for this paper, so this page does not summarise it.
- US Food and Drug Administration (1997): Investigational New Drug Applications; Proposed Amendment to Clinical Hold Regulations for Products Intended for Life-Threatening Diseases
describes the 1977 guideline 'General Considerations for the Clinical Evaluation of Drugs', developed written in the wake of the thalidomide experience a decade earlier, which stated that women of…
- US Food and Drug Administration (2025): Evaluation of Sex Differences in Clinical Investigations: Guidance for Industry
describes the FDA guideline of 22 July 1993 as lifting a restriction on most women with childbearing potential entering Phase 1 and early Phase 2 trials and as now encouraging their participation.
- US Food and Drug Administration. 'Artificial Intelligence-En: Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Medical Devices
1,614 listed devices, 1,230 in radiology, 1,553 with 510(k) submission numbers; the FDA states the list is not a comprehensive resource; a 510(k) demonstrates a device is 'substantially equivalent'…